点点英语论坛
丁晓钟 - 2008-5-10 0:50:00
Friday, May. 02, 2008 By KATHLEEN KINGSBURY
Nursing a migraine today? New research shows you're not alone. More than a quarter of Americans suffer daily pain, a condition that costs the U.S. about $60 billion a year in lost productivity. And how often you're in pain depends largely on the size of your paycheck.
Americans in households making less than $30,000 a year spend nearly 20% of their lives in moderate to severe pain, compared with less than 8% of people in households earning above $100,000, according to a landmark study on how Americans experience in pain. The findings, published Thursday in the British journal the Lancet, also found that participants who hadn't finished high school reported feeling twice the amount of pain as college graduates. "To a significant extent, pain does separate the classes," says Princeton economist Alan Krueger, who authored the study along with Dr. Arthur Stone, a psychiatry professor at Stony Brook University.
Krueger notes that the type of pain people reported typically fell on either side of the rich-poor divide. "Those with higher incomes welcome pain almost by choice, usually through exercise," he says. "At lower incomes, pain comes as the result of work." Indeed, Krueger and Stone found that blue-collar workers felt more pain, from physical labor or repetitive motion, while on the job than off, which at least offers hope that the problem can be mitigated. This finding "emphasizes the need for pain preventing measures [in the workplace] such as better ergonomics," wrote Juha H.O. Turunen, a professor of social pharmacy at Finland's University of Kuopio, in an accompanying commentary to the report.
People with chronic pain also worked less, the new study found, costing U.S. businesses as much as $60 billion annually. These conclusions are in line with previous studies on productivity lost to common pain conditions, including a 2003 report finding that nearly 15% of the U.S. workforce's output was diminished by ailments such as headaches and arthritis. What's new in Kruger and Stone's study, however, is the level of detail with which the researchers were able to chronicle the lives of Americans in pain. With the help of the polling firm Gallup, they asked nearly 4,000 survey participants to diarize their daily activities over a 24-hour period. From these personal accounts, the researchers saw the impact pain had on people's emotional states. Though participants said interacting with a spouse or friend lowered their pain, those suffering chronic pain tended to socialize much less. They also spent a lot more time watching television?about 25% of their day compared with 16% for the average person.
Pain also appeared to be a major driver of health-care costs. Krueger and Stone found that Americans spent about $2.6 billion in over-the-counter pain medications and another nearly $14 billion on outpatient analgesics in 2004, the most recent data available. But in these numbers, too, there may be a distinction between the haves and the have-nots. A 2005 study in Michigan showed that minorities and the poor have less access to such drugs than wealthier Americans because local pharmacies don't stock enough pain medications such as oxycodone or morphine. "Those [pharmacies] in white ZIP codes were more than 13 times more likely to have sufficient supplies," says lead researcher Dr. Carmen Green, an anesthesiology professor at the University of Michigan. "I have patients who have to drive 30 miles or more just to get their pain medications."
One characteristic that pain doesn't seem to distinguish is gender: according to Krueger and Stone's study, men and women were nearly equally likely to find themselves in pain. Another is age. People reported more aches and pains as they got older, though surprisingly that pain tended to plateau from ages 45 to 75. "Maybe people reach a point in their career where they move up the ladder into a desk job," Krueger says. "Or maybe they've just learned how to cope with the pain."
丁晓钟 - 2008-5-10 0:54:00
以上是Time上的一篇篇幅不长，语言也不太难的文章，非常适合精读一下。
我标注的红色是重点用法。
一二三两段请浅水翻译并总结用法
四五六段请小G翻译并总结用法
别的同学可以补充。
鱼游浅水 - 2008-5-10 15:49:00
[quote] 原帖由
丁晓钟 于 2008-5-10 0:50:00 发表
Friday, May. 02, 2008 By KATHLEEN KINGSBURYNursing a migraine today? New research shows you're not alone. More than a quarter of Americans suffer daily pain, a condition that costs the U.S. about $60 billion a year in lost productivity. And how often you're in pain depends largely on the size of your paycheck.今天治疗偏头痛了吗？一项新的研究表明，你并不孤独。四分之一以上的美国人每天都承受着这种痛苦，即在损失生产力方面，每年都要花费美国600亿美元。并且你有多久会陷入这种痛苦主要依赖于你的工资水平。
lost productivity 损失生产力
depends largely on 主要依赖于
鱼游浅水 - 2008-5-10 15:51:00
[quote] 原帖由
丁晓钟 于 2008-5-10 0:50:00 发表
Friday, May. 02, 2008 By KATHLEEN KINGSBURYAmericans in households making less than $30,000 a year spend nearly 20% of their lives in moderate to severe pain, compared with less than 8% of people in households earning above $100,000, according to a landmark study on how Americans experience in pain. The findings, published Thursday in the British journal the Lancet, also found that participants who hadn't finished high school reported feeling twice the amount of pain as college graduates. "To a significant extent, pain does separate the classes," says Princeton economist Alan Krueger, who authored the study along with Dr. Arthur Stone, a psychiatry professor at Stony Brook University.SXk ©v¹®hbbs.diandian.net=p5a_ª÷) SXk ©v¹®hbbs.diandian.net=p5a_ª÷) 根据美国人在痛苦中的经历这一重大研究表明，与那些年收入大于10万美元而支出少于8%的家庭相比，年收入不到3万美元的美国家庭支出其收入的近20%用于缓解这种剧烈的痛苦。周二出版的British journal the Lancet一项结果也证实，那些没有完成高中学业的人所经历的这种痛苦感受是大学生的两倍。与Stony Brook大学的精神病学教授Dr. Arthur Stone一起主笔这份研究的普林斯顿大学经济学家Alan Krueger说“从深层次的意义上讲，痛苦的确能把人分成很多类别”。
moderate to severe pain 缓解剧烈的痛苦
a landmark study on 一项关于……的重大研究
to a significant extent 从深层次的意义上讲
author the study 主持这项研究
鱼游浅水 - 2008-5-10 15:52:00
[quote] 原帖由
丁晓钟 于 2008-5-10 0:50:00 发表
Friday, May. 02, 2008 By KATHLEEN KINGSBURYKrueger notes that the type of pain people reported typically fell on either side of the rich-poor divide. "Those with higher incomes welcome pain almost by choice, usually through exercise," he says. "At lower incomes, pain comes as the result of work." Indeed, Krueger and Stone found that blue-collar workers felt more pain, from physical labor or repetitive motion, while on the job than off, which at least offers hope that the problem can be mitigated. This finding "emphasizes the need for pain preventing measures [in the workplace] such as better ergonomics," wrote Juha H.O. Turunen, a professor of social pharmacy at Finland's University of Kuopio, in an accompanying commentary to the report.SXk ©v¹®hbbs.diandian.net=p5a_ª÷) SXk ©v¹®hbbs.diandian.net=p5a_ª÷) Krueger指出，人们所报告的这种痛苦主要是由于贫富鸿沟造成的。他说：“那些有较高收入的人经常在练习中，几乎通过选择来接受痛苦；而那些收入较低的人，他们的痛苦来自于工作后的结果。”的确，从形体劳动或重复劳动来看，Krueger和Stone发现蓝领工人在工作时比下班后要承受更多的痛苦，因为在下班后至少他们会抱以希望——这种痛苦会被缓解。在给这份报告附上的评论中，这一发现强调“对痛苦的需要阻碍了诸如：更好的工作环境改造学这类方法”，芬兰大学社会药剂学专业的教授Juha H.O. Turunen如是说。
rich-poor divide 贫富差距
mitigate the problem 缓解问题（的严重性）
鱼游浅水 - 2008-5-10 15:56:00
原帖由 丁晓钟 于 2008-5-10 0:54:00 发表
以上是Time上的一篇篇幅不长，语言也不太难的文章，非常适合精读一下。
我标注的红色是重点用法。
一二三两段请浅水翻译并总结用法
四五六段请小G翻译并总结用法
别的同学可以补充。
第三段最后一句话没有翻译好，另外social pharmacy 不知道是什么意思，没查到哦。
:洋葱头10: :洋葱头10: :洋葱头10:
xqy963 - 2008-5-10 16:12:00
原帖由
鱼游浅水 于 2008-5-10 15:56:00 发表
原帖由 丁晓钟 于 2008-5-10 0:54:00 发表
以上是Time上的一篇篇幅不长，语言也不太难的文章，非常适合精读一下。
我标注的红色是重点用法。
一二三两段请浅水翻译并总结用法
四五六段请小G翻译并总结用法
别的同学可以补充。
第三段最后一句话没有翻译好，另外social 。
鱼游浅水 - 2008-5-10 17:35:00
原帖由
xqy963 于 2008-5-10 16:12:00 发表
原帖由 鱼游浅水 于 2008-5-10 15:56:00 发表
[quote] 原帖由 丁晓钟 于 2008-5-10 0:54:00 发表
以上是Time上的一篇篇幅不长，语言也不太难的文章，非常适合精读一下。
我标注的红色是重点用法。
一二三两段请浅水翻译并总结用法
四五六段请小G翻译并总结用法
别的同学可以补充。
多谢楼上的详细解释，很专业！
缪金华 - 2008-5-10 17:52:00
简单说一下
1.你并不孤独。//患偏头痛的不止你一个。
即在损失生产力方面，每年都要花费美国600亿美元//它造成了生产效率的降低，由此使得美国每年损失...美元。
2. moderate 中度的， severe 重度的
20%，8%不是指收入，指lives。
separate the classes 言下之意 各阶层的痛苦不一样的。
3 体力劳动
emphasizes the need for (pain preventing measures)
4.扩展还有待加强。
南京小G - 2008-5-10 18:23:00
呀呀我刚看到啊，今天晚上就看，请大家稍等，指正
鱼游浅水 - 2008-5-11 9:16:00
原帖由 缪金华 于 2008-5-10 17:52:00 发表
简单说一下
1.你并不孤独。//患偏头痛的不止你一个。
即在损失生产力方面，每年都要花费美国600亿美元//它造成了生产效率的降低，由此使得美国每年损失...美元。
2. moderate 中度的， severe 重度的
20%，8%不是指收入，指lives。
separate the classes 言下之意 各阶层的痛苦不一样的。
3 体力劳动
emphasizes the
感谢班马的指正
:洋葱头2:
Hisence - 2008-5-11 10:03:00
More than a quarter of Americans suffer daily pain, a condition that costs the U.S. about $60 billion a year in lost productivity.
这句话有点小问题。
超过四分之一的美国人每天遭受着偏头痛—这一状况使得美国要在劳动力（率）的损失上花费大约６００亿美元。
productivity
▶ noun
workers have boosted productivity: EFFICIENCY, work rate; output, yield, production.
the productivity of the soil: FRUITFULNESS, fertility, richness, fecundity.
lost productivity 翻译成“劳动率损失”应该也可以
-> close lost productivity gap 填补劳动力（率）损失缺口
-> lost productivity cost ,ie the cost of lost productivity 损失的劳动力（率）成本
->The Hidden Cost of Lost Productivity损失劳动力（率）的隐性成本
-> Price Tag for Lost Productivity 损失的劳动力（率）的花费；price tag 价格标签
南京小G - 2008-5-11 11:58:00
People with chronic pain also worked less, (1)the new study found, costing U.S. businesses as much as $60 billion annually. These conclusions are in line with previous studies on productivity lost to common pain conditions, including a 2003 report finding that nearly 15% of the U.S. workforce's output was diminished by ailments such as headaches and arthritis. (2)What's new in Kruger and Stone's study, however, is the level of detail (3)with which the researchers were able to chronicle the lives of Americans in pain. With the help of the polling firm Gallup, they asked nearly 4,000 survey participants to diarize their daily activities over a 24-hour period. From these personal accounts, the researchers saw the impact pain had on people's emotional states. Though participants said interacting with a spouse or friend lowered their pain, those suffering chronic pain tended to socialize much less. They also spent a lot more time watching television?about 25% of their day compared with 16% for the average person.
Pain also appeared to be a major driver of health-care costs. Krueger and Stone found that Americans spent about $2.6 billion in over-the-counter pain medications and another nearly $14 billion on outpatient analgesics in 2004,(4) the most recent data available. But in these numbers, too, there may be a distinction between the haves and the have-nots. A 2005 study in Michigan showed that minorities and the poor have less access to such drugs than wealthier Americans because local pharmacies don't stock enough pain medications such as oxycodone or morphine. "Those [pharmacies] in white ZIP codes were more than 13 times more likely to have sufficient supplies," says lead researcher Dr. Carmen Green, an anesthesiology professor at the University of Michigan. "I have patients who have to drive 30 miles or more just to get their pain medications."
One characteristic(5) that pain doesn't seem to distinguish is gender: according to Krueger and Stone's study, men and women were nearly equally likely to find themselves in pain. Another is age. People reported more aches and pains as they got older, though surprisingly that pain tended to plateau from ages 45 to 75. "Maybe people reach a point in their career where they move up the ladder into a desk job," Krueger says. "Or maybe they've just learned how to cope with the pain."
(一)搭配
(1)chronic pain:慢性的，长期的头痛，acute急性的,thorny 棘手的
(2)in line with:与...一致，in accordance with, live up to,align with
(3)out put be diminshed:被降低了，降低了cut ,dip,dump,slash...
(4)emotional states:情绪状况
(5)interacting with :与...交流communicate with
(6)suffering chronic pain : 遭受 忍受suffer from患什么develop，I suffer a major setback in my high school 作文中我会写Take my bosom classmate who develops AIDS（Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)unforunately as an example
(7)compared with 16% for the average person：相比 compare with The fact is far simple compared with this conclusion on paper； the average person普通人
(8)Pain also appeared to be a major driver of health-care costs. /appear to似乎be likely to do ,seem to：driver推动因素driving forth The most critical driving forth lurking behind this problem is people's constitution.
(9)pain medications 我理解为治疗头痛药物
(10)a distinction between the haves and the have-nots. a difference between...有这些药和没有这些药的人是不同的（不是每一个人都有）
Eight Dos Eight Don’ts
（11） have less access to /have access to, grant access to相近字accuse ...of职责谁什么事情，为什么事情起诉谁assess评估amuse逗乐
(12) lead researcher /首席,主要的
（13）tended to plateau /倾向与平缓
（14） reach a point in their career /在事业上达到顶峰reach a broad consensu达成共识
(15) cope with /对付tackle ,work out, fix
(16) move up the ladder :/爬上楼梯
（二）我的翻译：
新的一项调查发现，有着长期头痛的人们劳动也比较少，美国损失的生产力相当于每年损失600亿元。这些结论与先前对于普遍的头痛状况所造成生产力损失而进行的调查是一致的，包括一份2003年的报告发现将近15%的美国劳动力的产出由于类似头痛和关节炎这种不严重的病而降低。然而，在Kruger and Stone's 报告中的新部分是研究者们所记录下的美国人民在头痛中的细节。在一家登记公司的帮助下，他们要求将近4000名调查参与者记录下他们24小时时间段内的日常行为。通过这些人的描述，研究者发现了头痛对这些人情绪状况的影响。虽然参与者说通过和配偶和朋友的交流减轻了他们的痛苦，但他们这些忍受长期头痛的人很少去倾诉交流。他们会花更多的时间去看电视--相对与普通人的16%他们要花25%的时间（看电视）。
头痛也可能是健康开销的主要推动原因。他们在可得到的最近的数据中发现美国人在2004年大概花费26亿元在无处方头痛药和大概花费14亿元在无处方止痛药上。但是在这些数字里，不是每个人都能拥有这些药品的。2005年的一项在密西根的调查表明富有的美国人比少数民族和穷人更多的拥有这些药品因为当地药房不会存有那么多治疗头痛的药物类似 oxycodone 或者吗啡。“那些在白人地区的药店有高于13倍的可能拥有足够的药品”首席研究员 Carmen Green博士说，他是一位密歇根大学麻醉学教授，“我有位病人必须开车30英里为了买到他的头痛药。”
在头痛上没有差别的一项表征是性别：根据Krueger and Stone's 调查，男性和女性几乎相同可能患上头痛。另一个表征是年龄，虽然出乎意料之外，头痛在45岁到75岁之间是趋于平稳状态的，但是人们声称当他们年纪越大则头痛和疼痛则越多。“可能人们在攀登他们事业阶梯争取好工作过程中已经达到了顶峰，” Krueger 说：“又或者他们已经知道怎么对付头痛
（三）下面几句我和鱼兄有出入
"Those with higher incomes welcome pain almost by choice, usually through exercise," he says.
那些高收入者感到头痛几乎是偶然的，常常是因为运动
from physical labor or repetitive motion,
由于体力劳动和来回奔波
emphasizes the need for pain preventing measures [in the workplace] such as better ergonomics,"
强调了需要在工作中预防头痛的措施例如更好的人类工程（可以减少体力劳动等）
（四）结构
(1)插入语
(2)主语从句
(3)定语从句修饰detail
(4)修饰整个数据，表示它是目前能得到最新的
(5)同位语从句
南京小G - 2008-5-11 12:05:00
各位不好意思啊，我昨天在Word里写的，因为有乱码所以就贴到写字版中再贴过来的，可是发现没有了颜色，字体，划线等，给大家阅读造成困难了，Sorry
这是我对后三段的理解，有很多错误和不足，为了学习只好出来献丑，请大家不要见笑呢！请老师和各位高手们帮我指出里面的错误，谢谢你们!
南京小G - 2008-5-11 12:21:00
呵呵提个小意见，刚才编辑我发的帖子想加颜色可是弄完了发的时候又成乱码了，觉得新版本中 复制黏贴引用 等功能和旧版本计较好像没那么方便，版主能不能改进下呢！嘿嘿:洋葱头1:
萧萧班马 - 2008-5-11 12:33:00
我给你发了evernote的邀请，一款笔记软件，很方便的。
在那里面写的东西粘到这儿不会有什么乱码。
另外
其他需要evernote邀请的点友在这儿跟贴，留下您的邮箱，我还有十多个邀请名额。
注意：这是一款全英文的软件，如果没有使用兴趣或者没有使用英文软件习惯的，就不要留邮箱了。
从18楼开始，因为名额有限需要Evernote的点友发贴数目要超过50，或者参加这张主题帖的讨论。
Salley_zhao - 2008-5-11 12:50:00
599307374@qq.com，我也要一份，谢谢你!:洋葱头1:
秦宏伟 - 2008-5-11 12:52:00
兄弟，给我发一份，谢谢了:洋葱头2:
bhdrsbxyjs@163.com
丁晓钟 - 2008-5-11 13:07:00
老丁也想要一份，谢谢。
萧萧班马 - 2008-5-11 13:22:00
老丁，我已经发了，还是那个雅虎邮箱。
另外软件下载地址是：
http://www.evernote.com/about/download/截至此楼，以上均已发送，接受邀请的点友就有20个名额，可以继续邀请。
希望能够遵守
发贴超过50贴或
参与此贴主题帖讨论的要求。
鱼游浅水 - 2008-5-11 13:33:00
萧萧班马 - 2008-5-11 13:37:00
已经发送，下了，睡一会儿觉，使用愉快。
接受邀请的朋友可以帮忙继续邀请，分享好的软件。
风间游子 - 2008-5-11 14:11:00
好强啊！小弟羡慕ing~~~
xqy963 - 2008-5-11 14:17:00
orchis626 - 2008-5-11 14:31:00
lost productivity ：劳动浪费率
the rate at which goods are produced, and the amount produced, especially in relation to the work, time, and money needed to produce them
其他搭配：increase/improve/raise/high/low productivity
depends largely on 主要取决于……
替换：count mostly on……
moderate to severe pain ：中重度偏头痛
补充：in moderation 有节制地 适度地， mild pain 轻度偏头痛
a landmark study on：一项有关……划时代的研究
landmark = milestone
To a significant extent：很大程度上
替换： to a large/ great extent
其他搭配：to a certain extent/to some extent/to an extent / to such an extent that/to the extent that
pain does separate the classes: 偏头痛的确区分出了阶级
我觉得separete在这里是：识别，区分的 意思！
typically fell on either side of the rich-poor divide：典型地降临到贫富差距的任意一方。
problem can be mitigated：可以减少痛苦。
mitigate = alleviate
chronic pain：慢性疼痛 acute pain 急性疼痛
habitual pain 应该可以替换
in line with ：与……一致，相符，符合 be consistent with
output was diminished ：生 产量减少 fall /lessen /decrease
emotional states:情感状况
interacting with ：与谁谈及，提到，倾诉，谈到……
the average person：普通人，正常人 the normal person
Pain also appeared to be a major driver of health-care costs：疼痛似乎是保健支出的主要驱动者。
over-the-counter pain medications ：OTC镇痛药物治疗，非处方药镇痛药物治疗
a distinction between the haves and the have-nots：富人与穷人之间的区别
have less access to ：少有途径去取得，得到……
lead researcher ：首席研究员= research leader
One characteristic that pain doesn't seem to distinguish :疼痛没有差异的一项特征是……
equally likely to ：同样有……的可能
Another is age：其中another 指代的是：charateristic
tended to plateau from 45 to 75：倾向于年龄达到并且保持在45到75范围的人
plateau：if something plateaus, it reaches and then stays at a particular level。
reach a point in their career ：在他们职业生涯中，他们已经达到了疼痛所能忍受的极点。
move up the ladder ：向上爬
萧萧班马 - 2008-5-11 14:32:00
你在我的搜狐博客里留过言，早已经给你发过邀请了。
鱼游浅水 - 2008-5-11 15:03:00
原帖由 萧萧班马 于 2008-5-11 13:37:00 发表
已经发送，下了，睡一会儿觉，使用愉快。
接受邀请的朋友可以帮忙继续邀请，分享好的软件。
班马我没有收到哦。
南京小G - 2008-5-11 16:54:00
谢谢鱼兄的补充和修改啊，呵呵！
orchis626 - 2008-5-11 17:12:00
我也想要被邀请，软件已下
南京小G - 2008-5-11 17:40:00
People with chronic pain also worked less, (1)the new study found, costing U.S. businesses as much as $60 billion annually. These conclusions are in line with previous studies on productivity lost to common pain conditions, including a 2003 report finding that nearly 15% of the U.S. workforce's output was diminished by ailments such as headaches and arthritis. (2)What's new in Kruger and Stone's study, however, is the level of detail (3)with which the researchers were able to chronicle the lives of Americans in pain. With the help of the polling firm Gallup, they asked nearly 4,000 survey participants to diarize their daily activities over a 24-hour period. From these personal accounts, the researchers saw the impact pain had on people's emotional states. Though participants said interacting with a spouse or friend lowered their pain, those suffering chronic pain tended to socialize much less. They also spent a lot more time watching television?about 25% of their day compared with 16% for the average person.
Pain also appeared to be a major driver of health-care costs. Krueger and Stone found that Americans spent about $2.6 billion in over-the-counter pain medications and another nearly $14 billion on outpatient analgesics in 2004,(4) the most recent data available. But in these numbers, too, there may be a distinction between the haves and the have-nots. A 2005 study in Michigan showed that minorities and the poor have less access to such drugs than wealthier Americans because local pharmacies don't stock enough pain medications such as oxycodone or morphine. "Those [pharmacies] in white ZIP codes were more than 13 times more likely to have sufficient supplies," says lead researcher Dr. Carmen Green, an anesthesiology professor at the University of Michigan. "I have patients who have to drive 30 miles or more just to get their pain medications."
One characteristic(5) that pain doesn't seem to distinguish is gender: according to Krueger and Stone's study, men and women were nearly equally likely to find themselves in pain. Another is age. People reported more aches and pains as they got older, though surprisingly that pain tended to plateau from ages 45 to 75. "Maybe people reach a point in their career where they move up the ladder into a desk job," Krueger says. "Or maybe they've just learned how to cope with the pain."
(一)搭配
(1)chronic pain:慢性的，长期的头痛，acute急性的,thorny 棘手的
(2)in line with:与...一致，in accordance with, live up to,align with
(3)out put be diminshed:被降低了，降低了cut ,dip,dump,slash...
(4)emotional states:情绪状况
(5)interacting with :与...交流communicate with
(6)suffering chronic pain : 遭受 忍受suffer from患什么develop，I suffer a major setback in my high school 作文中我会写Take my bosom classmate who develops AIDS（Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)unforunately as an example
(7)compared with 16% for the average person：相比 compare with The fact is far simple compared with this conclusion on paper； the average person普通人
(8)Pain also appeared to be a major driver of health-care costs. /appear to似乎be likely to do ,seem to：driver推动因素driving forth The most critical driving forth lurking behind this problem is people's constitution.
(9)pain medications 我理解为治疗头痛药物
(10)a distinction between the haves and the have-nots. a difference between...有这些药和没有这些药的人是不同的（不是每一个人都有）
Eight Dos Eight Don’ts
（11） have less access to /have access to, grant access to相近字accuse ...of职责谁什么事情，为什么事情起诉谁assess评估amuse逗乐
(12) lead researcher /首席,主要的
（13）tended to plateau /倾向与平缓
（14） reach a point in their career /在事业上达到承受痛苦顶峰reach a broad consensu达成共识
(15) cope with /对付tackle ,work out, fix
(16) move up the ladder :/爬上楼梯
（二）我的翻译：
新的一项调查发现，有着长期头痛的人们劳动也比较少，美国损失的生产力相当与每年600亿元。这些结论与先前对于普遍的头痛状况所造成生产力损失而进行的调查是一致的，包括一份2003年的报告发现将近15%的美国劳动力的产出由于类似头痛和关节炎这种不严重的病而降低。然而，在Kruger and Stone's 报告中的新部分是研究者们所记录下的美国人民在头痛中的细节。在一家登记公司的帮助下，他们要求将近4000名调查参与者记录下他们24小时时间段内的日常行为。通过这些人的描述，研究者发现了头痛对这些人情绪状况的影响。虽然参与者说通过和配偶和朋友的交流减轻了他们的痛苦，但他们这些忍受长期头痛的人很少去倾诉交流。他们会花更多的时间去看电视--相对与普通人的16%他们要花25%的时间（看电视）。
头痛也可能是健康开销的主要推动原因。他们在可得到的最近的数据中发现美国人在2004年大概花费26亿元在无处方头痛药和大概花费14亿元在无处方止痛药上。但是在这些数字里，不是每个人都能拥有这些药品的。2005年的一项在密西根的调查表明富有的美国人比少数民族和穷人更多的拥有这些药品因为当地药房不会存有那么多治疗头痛的药物类似 oxycodone 或者吗啡。“那些在白人地区的药店有高于13倍的可能拥有足够的药品”首席研究员 Carmen Green博士说，他是一位密歇根大学麻醉学教授，“我有位病人必须开车30英里为了买到他的头痛药。”
在头痛上没有差别的一项表征是性别：根据Krueger and Stone's 调查，男性和女性几乎相同可能患上头痛。另一个表征是年龄，虽然出乎意料之外，头痛在45岁到75岁之间是趋于平稳状态的，但是人们声称当他们年纪越大则头痛和疼痛则越多。“可能人们在攀登他们事业阶梯争取好工作过程中已经达到了承受痛苦的顶峰，” Krueger 说：“又或者他们已经知道怎么对付头痛
（三）下面几句我和鱼兄有出入
"Those with higher incomes welcome pain almost by choice, usually through exercise," he says.
那些高收入者感到头痛几乎是偶然的，常常是因为运动
from physical labor or repetitive motion,
由于体力劳动和来回奔波
emphasizes the need for pain preventing measures [in the workplace] such as better ergonomics,"
强调了在工作中预防头痛的措施例如更好的人类工程（可以减少体力劳动等）
（四）结构
(1)插入语，costing做伴随
(2)主语从句
(3)定语从句修饰detail
(4)修饰整个数据，表示它是目前能得到最新的
(5)定语语从句